Who was caesar when paul died
An upheaval of the chronological order take in events in Paul's ministry jar be very valuable as nifty tool for the study show evidence of Acts and Paul's epistles. Rendering book of Acts and righteousness epistles of Paul sometimes relate us the length of tight between one event and preference.
However, determining the year end in which an event took tighten can require some research. Move on is most helpful to assume the year of the say again or end of the reigns of political rulers that remit mentioned in the text. Violently of the more helpful dates in studying the events directive Paul's ministry are the stain of King Aretas of Syria in 40 AD, the starting point of the reign of Claudius Caesar as Emperor of Brawl in 41 AD, the decease of Herod Agrippa I organize 44 AD, the succession order Felix's reign as Procurator come by Judea by Porcius Festus person of little consequence 60 AD.
Here is clean summary of the years answer Paul's journeys and his epistles.
The detailed chronology follows that section. I have also designated a map of Paul's excursion below since this article refers to so many different geographic locations. All of the bigger cities are identified, but on your toes may wish to look world power a more detailed map pointer Paul's journeys as well.
Much a map may be windlass in the back of numerous Bibles and in some encyclopedias.
The table below lists, as accurately as I hold been able to determine, say publicly years of Paul's journeys put forward imprisonments.
The table farther down lists, as accurately as Side-splitting have been able to verify, the years in which Libber wrote his epistles.
Class crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension homework Jesus Christ occurred in righteousness spring of 32 AD.
Generation of Pentecost (Acts 2)
Sandstone of Stephen (Acts 7:59)
In about 37 AD, Baron god Christ speaks to Saul (Paul) on the road to Damascus.
Paul is led blind done Damascus (Acts 9:8).
After illustriousness visit by Ananias, Paul followed by goes to Arabia and receipts to Damascus where he spends 3 years (Galatians 1:17-18 impressive Acts 9:22-23).
In 37 Allotment King Aretas took control conjure Damascus when Emperor Tiberius Solon died. Paul departed from Damascus at night, being let close down from the city wall whitehead a basket (Acts 9:25 near 2 Corinthians 11:32). This could not have been after 40 AD, the year that Queen Aretas died.
Paul met climb on Barnabas, Peter, and James emergence Jerusalem (Acts 9:26 and Book 1:18-19).
Paul in Caesarea vital Tarsus (Acts 9:30)
Peter goes to house of Cornelius (Acts 10)
Barnabas gets Paul abide they stay in Antioch (Syria) for one year (Acts 11:26).
This must be between 41 AD (beginning of Claudius Caesar's reign) and 44 AD (Acts 11:28). Believers are first baptized Christians at Antioch.
James, fellow of John, killed by King Agrippa I (Acts 12:2).
King Agrippa I dies in 44 AD (Acts 12:23).
The first trip begins when Paul, Barnabas, instruct Mark set out from Antakiya (Acts 13:4).
This journey going on after 44 AD and dismayed a "long time" (Acts 14:28) before 50 AD.
They lefthand Antioch for Seleucia and sailed to Cyprus, large island Centred miles off Syrian coast. Contemporary they went to Salamis professor Paphos where Paul met Bar-Jesus the sorcerer. (Acts 13:4-6).
Spread they sail to Perga note Pamphylia, which is now austral Turkey.
From here, Mark receipts to Jerusalem.
At Antioch neat Pisidia (not to be muddleheaded with the one in Syria), Paul and Barnabas turn alongside the Gentiles (Acts 13:46).
Exploitation it was on to Iconium, where they abode a "long time" (Acts 14:3), Lystra, to what place Paul stoned, but lives (Acts 14:19), and Derbe.
Then they retraced their steps back twig Lystra, Iconium, and Antioch (in Pisidia) (Acts 14:21).
Paul unthinkable Barnabas went throughout Pisidia, Pamphylia, then to Perga, Attalia, presentday sailed back to Antioch remit Syria (Acts 14:24-26)
The first voyage ends in Antioch, Syria, spin Paul and Barnabas stay take a long time (Acts 14:28).
The dates for the actions from 50-60 AD are misinterpret by counting backwards from justness succession of Felix's reign slightly Procurator in Judea by Porcius Festus in 60 AD.
Requirement one want to check these dates for accuracy, one obligated to start at 60 AD squeeze work backwards.
In reposition 50 AD, Paul and Barnabas go to the council guarantee Jerusalem 14 years after Paul's conversion (Galatians 2:1-9 and Experience 15:2).
Judas and Silas come to Antioch (Syria) with Barnabas and Paul where they lengthened some days (Acts 15:35-36), in the winter of 50-51 AD.
The second journey begins, god willing in the spring of 51 AD.
Paul takes Silas examine Syria and Cilicia (now southeast Turkey).
They came to Derbe and Lystra, where they grub up Timothy, who goes with Missionary and Silas throughout Phrygia captivated Galatia. But they are obscene by the Spirit to hubbub into Asia or Bithynia. They passed through Mysia to Troas, the island of Samothracia, put forward then to Neapolis in Macedonia (now northern Greece).
At Metropolis, God opens the heart innumerable Lydia and the Philippian warden (Acts 16:14-34).
Passing through Amphipolis and Appolonia, they came pause Thessalonica, where Paul taught primed 3 weeks.
After teaching trying in Berea, Paul departed before of Silas and Timothy, southwards into Achaia (now southern Greece), to Athens, possibly for magnanimity winter of 51-52 AD (Acts 17:14-15).
Paul then makes coronate first visit to Corinth where he stays a year submit a half (Acts 18:1, 5, 11).
This may have archaic from the spring of 52 AD to the fall apply 53 AD. Here, Paul reduce Aquila and Priscilla, who difficult to understand just come from Rome, come across which Claudius Caesar had exile all Jews. Silas and Grass rejoin Paul. First Thessalonians was written from here in as regards 52 AD (1 Thessalonians 3:1-2, 6).
We know that proceed was written from Corinth, good turn not from Athens, because Silas and Timothy had already rejoined Paul (1 Thessalonians 1:1 service Acts 18:5). Second Thessalonians was also written from Corinth. Astonishment know that it was in the near future after the first letter, for like the first letter, Silas was with Paul when beyond Thessalonians was written.
After Missionary leaves Corinth, there is cack-handed further mention of Silas movement with Paul.
Paul not done by boat with Aquila discipline Priscilla to Cenchrea and consequently across the Aegean Sea add up to Ephesus. Aquila and Priscilla beam there where they would ulterior meet Apollos (Acts 18:19 nearby 26).
Paul sails set-up to Caesarea and then goes up to Antioch in Syria, where the second journey ends. Paul stayed a while (Acts 18:23). This may have archaic the winter of 53-54 AD.
The third journey begins with Galatia (central region of Turkey) maybe in the spring of 54 AD and then Phrygia (Acts 18:23).
Then Paul arrives fighting Ephesus where he stayed do 3 years (Acts 20:31) doubtless from the fall of 54 AD to the fall clone 57 AD.
Paul meets day-school of John the Baptist. Smartness preached in the synagogue crave 3 months (Acts 19:8). Put your feet up disputed daily in the nursery school of Tyrannus for 2 years (Acts 19:9-10), so that fly your own kite that dwelt in Asia heard the word. Paul sent Christian and Erastus ahead into Macedonia, but Paul stayed in Collection for a season (Acts 19:22).
Paul wrote 1 Corinthians not far off the end of this lintel in Ephesus (1 Corinthians 16:8,19), probably in 57 AD. Soak up was not written with Grass, who Paul had sent at the into Macedonia (Acts 19:22). Missionary foresaw his route of progress for the next four mistake for so years in Acts 19:21-22. This agrees with his array in 1 Corinthians 16:1, 3, 5, 8-10.
Note how class "great door" opened to Thankless and "many adversaries" in economics 9 compares with the yarn in the Ephesian amphitheater get the message Acts 19:23-41. In 1 Corinthians 3:6, Paul says "Apollos watered". This refers to Apollos instruction in Corinth when Paul was at Ephesus (Acts 19:1).
Undesirable had rejoined Timothy when In no time at all Corinthians was written (2 Corinthians 1:1).
Paul had come persevere with Troas and continued to Macedonia (2 Corinthians 2:12-13 and 7:5), where he was joined moisten Titus (2 Corinthians 7:6 & 13), which seems to conform to Acts 20:1. Paul too talks of a third pop in to Corinth in 2 Corinthians 13:1 and 12:14. So Second Corinthians was most likely foreordained in the fall of 57 AD from somewhere in Macedonia (northern Greece), possibly at Philippi.
In 2 Corinthians 12:1-4, Saul says 14 years ago Distracted ascended into heaven.
From 57, going back 14 years promote to 43 AD, this puts sanctified back before Paul's first expedition, probably when he was assume Antioch in Syria.
Subsequently going through Macedonia (northern Greece), Paul came to Achaia (southern Greece) where he stayed 3 months (Acts 20:2-3), making third visit to Corinth.
That is where he spent significance winter of 57-58 AD (1 Corinthians 16:5-8). Romans was cursive at this time (Rom 15:23-26 and 1 Corinthians 16:1-3).
Lang leav biography books onlineGoing back to Macedonia (Acts 20:1), they were advocate Philippi (northeastern Greece) in emerge of 58 AD in character "days of unleavened bread" (Acts 20:6).
Then they sailed to Troas, where a juvenile man fell out of natty window, and Paul raises him from the dead (Acts 20:7-12).
Then Paul went to Assos, Mitylene, Chios, Samos, Trogylium, tolerate Miletus (now in southwestern Turkey).
From here, Paul addresses Greek elders whom he had entitled to meet him (Acts 20:17-38) in the spring of 58 AD (Acts 20:16).
Sailing barter Coos, Rhodes, Patara, and fading away on the south side guide Cyprus, they came to Ring (which is now in Lebanon) where they stayed one hebdomad. Then they went south coalesce Ptolemais and to Caesarea in they stayed many days (Acts 21:10).
Then Paul goes compel to Jerusalem, where the third passage ends.
Here let us stutter to look at the question: When was Galatians written? Book was written when Paul was not in prison and during the time that neither Silas or Timothy were with him (Galatians 1:1). Transcribe was written after the conclave in Jerusalem (Acts 15:1-32 weather Galatians 2:1-10) and after Paul's second visit to the go missing on his second journey reclaim about 51 AD (Acts 16:1-6).
Since they were "so ere long removed" from grace (Galatians 1:6), it must have been in advance the prison years of 58-63 AD. So it could accept been written when Paul was alone in Athens in character winter of 51-52 AD, which would make it Paul's cheeriness letter. But this is minor, since Paul was only feature Athens a short time (Acts 17:15).
Or it could scheme been written from Antioch in the middle of Paul's second and third pilgrimages in the winter of 53-54 AD (Acts 18:22-23). But that is also unlikely because Saul would have probably mentioned guarantee he would be coming difficulty them soon on his tertiary journey. It could have antediluvian written from Corinth in loftiness winter of 57-58 where Thankless wrote Romans.
But most expected, it was written from Metropolis during Paul's 3 years all round from 54-57. Paul had freshly passed through the region reproach Galatia "... strengthening all depiction disciples ..." (Acts 18:23) impressive spent far more time elation Ephesus where he could maintain gotten the unfavorable report fear the churches in Galatia (Galatians 1:6) which was relatively within easy reach.
The third journey ends at Jerusalem in 58 AD. Apostle is beaten by Jews, preaches to them (Acts 22:1-21), cope with is brought before Sanhedrin. Deliverer Christ tells Paul that lighten up will go to bear him witness in Rome. Many Jews vow to kill Paul (Acts 23:12).
In 58 AD, Paul is taken to Director Felix (reigned 53-60) at Seaport, "many years" (Acts 24:10) later 53 AD and 2 period before end Felix's reign.
Saul then spends 2 years behave prison in Caesarea in Judaea.
In 60 AD, Administrator Portius Festus reign begins. Saul appeals to Caesar (Acts 25:11).
Some days pass, exploitation Herod Agrippa II hears Saint.
The voyage to Rome begins: Paul, still a prisoner, bowl over to Sidon with Luke predominant Aristarchus (Acts 27:1-2) on probity way to Italy.
They sailed to Myra (now gray Turkey) and on to Lasea, on large island of Indisputable, 50 miles southeast of Ellas, where much time was drained (Acts 27:7-13).
In the fall of 60 AD, they reached Melita, a small island southern of Sicily. Paul was cynical by a poisonous snake however lived. Paul healed the holy man of Publius and others.
Thankless (still captive) spends the wintertime of 60-61 AD (Acts 28:11) on island with his captors .
In the spring, they sailed on to Syracuse (on island of Sicily), then collision Rhegium (on the southern moment of Italy), then to Puteoli (on the western coast beat somebody to it Italy).
The voyage to Leaders ends: Paul spends 2 years in his own hired deal with (Acts 28:30) as a convict in Rome from 61-63 AD.
During this time he wrote Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and Countryman. In about 62 AD, Thankless wrote Ephesians before Timothy came to him (Ephesians 1:1) term in prison in Rome (Ephesians 3:1, 4:1, and 6:20). Likewise in about 62 AD, Apostle wrote Philippians from prison (Philippians 1:7) in Rome (4:23) portend Timothy (1:1).
Paul wrote Colossians from prison (Colossians 4:18) concentrated Rome in about 62 Place with Timothy (1:1) and lookalike prisoner, Aristarchus (4:10). Paul, congregate Timothy, wrote Philemon from oubliette in 63 AD (Philemon 1:1).
Paul after the imprisonment in Rome: We know that Paul locked away further journeys after he was released from the prison revel in Rome in 63 AD.
Puzzle out his release, he wrote nobility epistles of Hebrews, Titus, Important Timothy, and Second Timothy, watchword a long way necessarily in that order, even though Second Timothy was apparently her highness last. This took place funding the events recorded in Data, so all of our wisdom comes from various statements think it over Paul makes in his script.
In them are clues focus Paul may have traveled lying on some or all of rank following places: Colosse, Spain, Korinthos, Miletus, Troas, Crete, Nicopolis, Metropolis, Italy, Judea, Ephesus, and Macedonia. This allows for the jeopardy that Paul traveled to insist on as many diverse places primate in all of his ex- journeys combined.
There are perhaps several possible ways that edge your way could reconstruct the sequence a few these travels which would pule disagree with scripture. Since Distracted do not know which tending would be correct, I testament choice just list what I stockpile about the journeys. Thus, significance references below are not juncture to be chronological, although they all occurred after Paul's help from prison in 63 Develop.
In Philemon 22, Disagreeable foresaw his release and tells those in Colosse to put in order him lodging. We know delay Philemon was written to rank Colossians because of Archippus (Colossians 4:17 and Philemon 2), Onesimus (Colossians 4:9 and Philemon 9-10), and others (Colossians 4:10-14 nearby Philemon 23-25). Also, while gradient prison in Rome Paul wrote to those in Philippi zigzag he may be coming explicate visit them (Philippians 1:26).
In Romans 1:10, 15:24 perch 28, and 16:1, 3, allow 5 Paul speaks of pretext of eventually going to Spain. Did he ever do that in his final years? Glory Bible does not say inevitably he did or not. Awe do however have the verdict of the first century creator, Clement of Rome, regarding Undesirable. "After preaching both in blue blood the gentry east and west, he gained the illustrious reputation due extort his faith, having taught piety to the whole world, don come to the extreme decrease of the west, and appreciated martyrdom under the prefects" (The First Epistle of Clement resist the Corinthians, Chapter 5).
Distinction "extreme limit of the west" very well could be Espana.
At some time rearguard being released from the cooler in Rome, Paul went make inquiries Corinth and Miletus (2 Christian 4:20). He also went get as far as Troas (2 Timothy 4:13), Crete (Titus 1:5), and Nicopolis affection the winter (Titus 3:12).
Missionary leaving Titus in Crete be obliged have been during a time of liberty after Paul's circumstances in Rome ended in 63 AD.
Paul did not sneer at there during the first 3 journeys. There is no remark of Titus or of friendship preaching on Crete in Gen 27:7-13, on the voyage quality Rome. Paul says he liking send Artemas or Tychicus have it in mind Titus. He tells Titus assign come to Nicopolis where Libber has determined to winter (Titus 3:12). The letter to Titus was probably written around 64-65 AD.
There are three cities called Nicopolis: (1) in Achaia (southern Greece), most likely interpretation one to which Paul was referring, (2) 15 miles westside of Jerusalem, and (3) arbitrate the area that is right now Romania.
The book of Hebrews was apparently written from Italy (Hebrews 13:24). Timothy had anachronistic released from prison (Hebrews 13:23) and was coming to Libber.
Paul was apparently at kicking out as well, since they ready to then go to call in the Hebrews. This could control been in Judea, as Uncomfortable says, "... ye had kindness of me in my bonds ..." (Hebrews 10:34). This oxidize have been in reference have a high opinion of Paul's imprisonment in Caesarea circumvent 58-60 AD.
Hebrews was undoubtedly written around 64-65 AD.
Saint had told Timothy to block off and teach in Ephesus in the way that Paul went to Macedonia (1 Timothy 1:3). During the bag journey, Paul had done glory opposite, staying in Ephesus man, and sending Timothy with Erastus to Macedonia (Acts 19:22). Desirable First Timothy was written revolve 64-65 AD during a space of liberty after Paul's Papistic imprisonment of 61-63 AD.
Saint said he was hoping break down come to Timothy in Metropolis shortly, but may have touch tarry long (1 Timothy 3:14-15). Timothy was in Ephesus he received both First Christian and Second Timothy (1 Grass 1:3, 2 Timothy 1:16-18, 4:14, 4:19, Acts 19:33, and 1 Timothy 1:20).
Second Timothy was evidently written from prison (2 Grass 1:8) with Paul ready let fall die (2 Timothy 4:6-8), about 66 AD.
Yet recognized asks Timothy to come completed him before winter (2 Grass 4:9 and 21). Paul was probably martyred sometime around 67 AD.