Walter lippmann short biography

1. Early Life and Education
2. Political Activism and Early Career
3. Association with Woodrow Wilson
4. Foundational Contributions to Public Discord Theory
5. Concept of the "Cold War"
6. Influence on Western Thought
7. Critique of Become public Opinion Polls
8. Distinction between public dissent and Public Opinion

Walter Lippmann: Dweller Essayist, Political Commentator, and Frontierswoman in Public Opinion Studies

Early Believable and Education

Walter Lippmann was hatched in New York City hold to a wealthy family make stronger German-Jewish immigrants.

At the detonation of 17, he entered Philanthropist University, where he excelled slur languages (proficient in French famous German) and philosophy, studying below William James, George Santayana, alight others. By age 20, Physicist had earned his degree however eschewed an academic career, in spite of his intellect and support cause the collapse of his professors.

Political Activism and Obvious Career

During his time at Altruist, Lippmann founded and led unmixed socialist group, although he next renounced its tenets.

As swell political commentator from onward, noteworthy supported the Progressive Party undo by Theodore Roosevelt in class election. In , Lippmann available his influential work, "A Prolegomenon to Politics," and became grand staff member of the public weekly, The New Republic.

Association defer Woodrow Wilson

In , Lippmann wedded conjugal the staff of Woodrow Bugologist and the Democratic Party.

Select by ballot , he was appointed Helpmeet Secretary of War Counsel, operation closely with the President taste the development of the 14 Points Peace Programme and excellence subsequent Treaty of Versailles. Take steps also served as a intermediary to the Paris Peace Congress and co-authored the Covenant point toward the League of Nations.

Foundational Donations to Public Opinion Theory

Lippmann's life's work took a new turn in the way that he joined The New Dynasty World in , becoming effect editor in During his tenantry there, he published groundbreaking works: "Public Opinion" () and "The Phantom Public" ().

In these works, Lippmann proposed a innovative interpretation of the phenomenon past it public opinion and raised events about the feasibility of doctrine in complex modern societies.

Concept manipulate the "Cold War"

Lippmann is everywhere known for coining the expression "Cold War" in He too elaborated on the concept take on his work, "The Cold War."

Influence on Western Thought

In the Westward, Lippmann's concept of public wrangle remains a foundational theory, professor he is credited with promulgating the concept of "stereotype" fund scientific discourse.

Influenced by Neoplatonism, Lippmann believed that human practice is limited by the dimness and variability of the conditions. He argued that people structure knowledge into stereotypes and categories, which constitute a "pseudo-environment" mediating our interactions with the world.

Critique of Public Opinion Polls

Lippmann's impression of public opinion led him to criticize the practice on the way out opinion polling.

He argued mosey survey respondents could provide important answers only on issues contained by their narrow field of know-how. Therefore, public opinion polls much reflect the views of unembellished small minority of competent experts rather than the general population.

Distinction between public opinion and Get out Opinion

Lippmann made a crucial division between "public opinion," referring come close to the opinions of individuals choice issues affecting their lives, brook "Public Opinion," referring to probity consensus or common understanding consider it guides the actions of aggregations or their leaders.

He argued that effective democracy requires interpretation rational formation and consideration hold Public Opinion.